What Makes Cyberspace Operations a Complicated Legal Matter

This session explores how cyberspace operations pose challenges to traditional operational and targeting frameworks. The strategic power of cyber capabilities allows nations to achieve significant effects and meaningful consequences without using force. The absence of force largely protects the perpetrator from a forceful response by a victim, allowing a freedom of action in international competition never seen before. This session also addresses changes that can reduce the probability of escalation and stabilize international security.